Naturalism and Regionalism Defining through American...

Regionalism and naturalism are two different types of American literature. Naturalism focuses on the philosophical or scientific ideas whereas regionalism is about he characteristics of a specific region. Bret Harte and Willa Cather are regionalist authors who use the setting to put emphasis in their stories. Furthermore, Mark Twain is a naturalist writer. Twain attempts to use lower class citizens to get across a bigger point. Harte also uses minorities. However, he focuses on how the region changes these poorer citizens. Lastly, Willa Cather and Mark Twain both have their characters in pursuit of something. Cather has her characters pursue intangible objects while Twain has them pursue material objects. Cather, Twain, and Harte†¦show more content†¦Being able to feel is a characteristic of living things. The fact that the setting can feel shows it is a character. The way Harte characterizes the setting is a common characteristic of regionalism. Regionalism focu ses on applying setting to the story. Also, the setting helps the character develop. This theme of the character developing through the setting is a common idea in Willa Cathers My Antonia. In Cathers book, Jim Burden lives in Nebraska. He has many significant women in Nebraska and lives there for most of his life. Living in Nebraska restricts Jim from developing on his own. Jim begins to develop when he leaves for college. When he returns home from college, he goes to see a play with Lena. At this play, Jims development can be seen. It can be seen when the narrator says, â€Å"As I walked about there I congratulated myself that I had not brought some Lincoln girl who would talk during the waits about the junior dances †¦ Lena was at least a woman (Cather 312).† In this quote, Jims development can be seen because he compares Lena being a woman, as opposed to a little girl in Nebraska. If Jim had never gone to college, he would have not been able to finally see Lena as a woman not a little girl. Furthermore, the setting is key in this quote. He views Lena as a woman because he left Nebraska and had experienced other places. The distance he had from Lena and Nebraska helped himShow MoreRelatedEssay on 20th Century Latin American Literature3323 Words   |  14 Pages20th Century Latin American Literature Global literatures in English have always played a key role in developing international understanding and appreciation for the social realities and cultural developments beyond Western lifestyles and familiarity. For anthropologists seeking to perceive the social realities of 20th century Latin America, the work of popular authors and novelists of this century is invaluable. Popular authors are the modern mouthpieces of the people and societies who read

Essay on Edgar Allen Poe’s The Cask of Amontillado

Edgar Allen Poe’s â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado Is there really a perfect crime? This is the main point in Edgar Allen Poe’s â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado.† The story is a dark tale of a presumably insane man who suffers from, according to him, â€Å"the thousand injuries of Fortunato I had borne as I best could† (Poe 75). One of the major factors in telling this story is the setting. The story is set primarily in the Montresor family catacombs, which provides the dark setting, filled with human remains, and this reflects where Montresor commits his crime, where no one will expect. Furthermore, the narration also helps in telling the story. It is first person point of view, so the story is heard entirely from him. Readers will go into Montresor’s†¦show more content†¦He refers to Fortunato as his friend, a clue that Montresor is not acting in his right mind. If Montresor had a good motive like Fortunato killing someone close to him, he would refer to Fortunato as his enemy. The reader also fee ls the pain Montresor when he is erecting the wall over Fortunato; Montresor does not feel right in what he is doing. He even tries to call Fortunato’s name before he lays the final stone to see if he was still alive, wondering if he could turn back and change his mind before he finally dies before it was too late. Most importantly, he is talking to an auditor, often believed to be a religious priest. Montresor at the time is on his deathbed and is confessing a terrible sin he has done, for he states that for Fortunato’s remains, â€Å"no mortal has disturbed them† (Poe 80). He would say this to a priest or someone else who was high in religion. The symbolism of this story describes what this story is about, Montresor killing Fortunato. One of the most noticeable symbols mentioned in â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† is the alcoholic beverage amontillado; it is red and red usually symbolizes blood. In the story, Montresor kills Fortunato and it is a murder. In a murder most of the time, one would mostly think of blood. When Montresor tries to call Fortunato for the last time after hearing Fortunato’s last words, he thrusts a torch in the hole but â€Å"in returnShow MoreRelatedEdgar Allen Poes The Cask of Amontillado Essay983 Words   |  4 PagesEdgar Allen Poes The Cask of Amontillado Edgar Allen Poes brings us a twisted tale of vengeance and horror in The Cask of Amontillado. Poes character, Montresor, acts as our guide and narrator through this story. He grabs a hold of the reader as he tells the story from his own apathetic and deceptive mind to gain vengeance from the weak and dismal Fortunato. Montresors mentality is disturbing as he uses his clever, humor, ironic symbolism, and darkness to accomplish this. At the beginningRead MoreEdgar Allen Poes The Cask of Amontillado Essay1076 Words   |  5 Pages â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Revenge can be sweet, but in this case it is just down right grotesque! In Edgar Allen Poe’s â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† it talks about a gentlemen named Montressor and how he is angry at Fortunato for insulting him in the past. Montressor will not let this go unpunished, so he thinks up a clever scheme to get back at him. This plan is in a way, ingenious but most definitely insane and crazy. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;This story dates backRead MoreEssay on Edgar Allen Poes Cask of Amontillado870 Words   |  4 Pages#65279;CASK OF AMONTILLADO Edgar Allen Poe’s The Cask of Amontillado is a story of fear and revenge. The dark side of human nature is exemplified through the character of Montressor and his victim, Fortunato. The story begins with Montressor’s vow of revenge. This is proven in the first sentence when Montressor says, â€Å"The thousand injuries of Fortunato I had borne best I could; but when he ventured upon insult, I vowed revenge.† Montressor is a manipulativeRead More Edgar Allen Poes The Cask Of Amontillado Essay1954 Words   |  8 Pages Edgar Allen Poes, quot;The Cask Of Amontillado,quot; is a between two enemies. It humorously portrays the foil of Fortunato, as he is led through the catacombs. Poes humour is dark, sarcastic and very ironic, which quickly becomes a signpost of the tale. Poe sets himself apart from other authors in his works, based on how he depicts and encounters death. It accentuates the notion that at times, your worst enemy will appear as your best friend. Pride is the downfall of every man and the sameRead MoreInsanity In Edgar Allen Poes The Cask Of Amontillado794 Words   |  4 Pagesexactly what happened in Edgar Allen Poesâ€⠄¢ short story called â€Å"The cask of Amontillado,† it is a story about Two men, Montresor and Fortunado, Montresor is a man who vows to get retribution on Fortunado, a man who merely Insulted his family name. As you can see Montresor is clearly insane and two other traits you could describe him with would be him being astute and extremely determined. In conclusion, there are three main traits that Montresor showed during The Cask of Amontillado and I will do my bestRead MoreEssay about Edgar Allen Poes The Cask of Amontillado735 Words   |  3 Pages Edgar A. Poe’s, â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado†, is a witty and daring tale based on revenge. The plot of it though is very simple. Montresor, who carries a grudge against Fortunato for an offense that is never explained, leads a drunken Fortunato through a series of chambers beneath his palazzo with the promise of a taste of Amontillado, a wine that Montresor has just purchased. When the two men reach the last underground chamber, Montresor chains Fortunato to the wall, builds a new wall to seal himRead MoreIgnorance and Greed Leads to a Quick Ending in Edgars Allen Poe’s The Cask of Amontillado796 Words   |  4 Pages Edgars Allen Poe’s The Cask of Amontillado portrays two great examples of how greed and ignorance combined can lead to a quick ending, both physically and mentally. The story possesses two different aspects of an ending through two similar but yet different characters. Both characters possess the trait of greed, which hinders their ability to think rationally. The most obvious aspect of greed is carried out by Montresor, because this is a â€Å"short story of revenge.† He seeks to make Fortunato, theRead MoreA Psychological Occurance of Montresor as an Obsession of Revenge with Impunity in Edgar Allen Poes The Cask of Amontillado788 Words   |  4 PagesEdgar Allen Poe is an American short story writer,poet and literary critic.His famous short stories are based on not only horrific events,but also on psychological distortations as in The Cask of Amontillado.In his literary critic on short story writing style,he says a short story should turn around a central event and all the other things must have use for that main point.In this short story,his main point is the result of obsession of revenge with impunity and all the other actions serve forRead More Comparing Edgar Allen Poes The Cask of Amontillado, The Black Cat, and The Tell-tale Heart752 Words   |  4 PagesComparing Edgar Allen Poes The Cask of Amon tillado, The Black Cat, and The Tell-tale Heart The short stories of Edgar Allen Poe demonstrate the authors ample gifts in the psychology of the mind, regardless of the fact he was decades ahead of Freud.   Poes short stories are often from the deranged and murderous point-of-view of the narrator, who often illustrates the inner-workings of his own psychology and the disintegration of the self brought about by psychological disorders, aberrationsRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado By Edgar Allan Poe1575 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado.† Montresor plots and kills an unwary friend/foe during carnival time for motives that are unclear. The author of this tale, Edgar Allan Poe, influenced by his somewhat tragic life and one of the most influential Gothic writers, uses symbolism and irony to show the multitude of complicated motives of the narrator in his famous horror story. Upon examining Edgar Allan Poe’s life, one is not surprised that he chooses to write such gloomy and sinister stories. Poe’s life is

Human Life Cycle Free Essays

The human life cycle is essential to the world’s population. It allows individuals to create families that can change society in multiple ways and all those individuals that has the capacity to change the world has a mother. Every soon to be mother wants an easy pregnancy but most importantly hopes and prays for a healthy baby. We will write a custom essay sample on Human Life Cycle or any similar topic only for you Order Now Understanding pregnancy is important soley due to the fact its a major factor in the cycle of life. Pregnancy involves growth, development and a new beginning. A women that is becoming pregnant with a child is also known as conceiving, this process carried out by having sexual intercourse with a male. A female ovulate an egg cell, oocytes goes down a uterine tube. During sexual intercourse male sperm moves into the vagina, which is near the female’s cervix, this occurs in the reproductive system. The sperm cell swims up the uterus and meets up with the oocyte and the process of fertilization occurs. During sexual intercourse many sperms swim towards the oocyte but only one sperm cell has the ability to fertilize the egg. During beginning fertilization of the egg the cytoplasm triggers lysosomes vesicles that release enzymes that hard the zona pellucida so that it reduces the chance of more than one sperm can penetrates the oocytes. The egg divided then undergoes meiosis ends. The nuclei of the egg and nuclei of the sperm unite the membrane falls apart and the chromosome mingles which complete fertilization. The sperm cell and egg cell each has 23 chromosomes and during fertilization it 46 somatic cell this cell is called a zygote the first cell of the future offspring. The Zygotes undergoes mitosis 30 hours after forming, cells division occurs rapidly. The rapid cell division is called cleavage. During cleavage tiny cells move through the uterine tubes during the time of implantation cells in the interface of the blastocyst. The cell surrounding the embryo is called the placenta this organ attaches to the embryo and uterine wall exchanges of nutrients ,gasses ,waste between maternal blood and embryo blood. The beginning of the embryonic stage the of the offspring is called an embryo. Embryonic stage ends at eight week of the prenatal development . During this ime the placenta form and major organ develops and the major external body structure appears. The cell in the inner cell mass flatten embryonic disc with two distinct layers the connection stalk attached to the embryonic disc to developed placenta farther . Ectodermic cell gives the nervous system and portions of special sensory organ ,epidermis ,hair, nail, glands of the skin. Mesodermal cell form all type of muscle tissue, bone tissue, bone marrow . blood, blood vessel, lymphatic vessel, connective tissues internal reproductive e organ , kidney and epithelial lining of body cavities. Endodermal cells produced the epithelial lining of the digestive tract ,respiratory tract, urinary bladder and urethra . When the chronrionic villi develops the embryonic blood vessel appears. During the 4th week of development the flat embryonic disc is a cylindrical structure and head and jaws develops the hearts starts to beats and tiny buds which will become upper and lower limbs forms. At 5th to 7 week the head grow rapidly and become more rounded and face begins to develop showing eyes nose mouth and more human like. The upper and lower limbs elongate and figure and toes appears . By the end of the seventh week all the main internal organs are present ,the structure in enlarges and the embryonic become more human like appearance . End of 8 week until birth the offspring s called a fetus. Fetal stage is the end of the eighth week of the development and last until the birthing process during this time the fetus is growing very rapidly the body proportion enlarge at a considerable rate. The beginning of the fetal stage the head is larger than the limbs are short. During the third month the body length accelerates and the head growth slows. During the twelve week the external reproductive organ are distinguishable male or female. At the 4th month the body grows 20 cm the skeleton beginnings to ossify. The following month the skeleton muscles contracts and the pregnant woman may fell fetal movement, hair begins to appears on the head . During the 6 month the fetus gains weight and eyebrow and eyelash appear and the blood vessel in the skin give a red appearance in the fetus. During the last trimester the fetal brain cell develops rapidly . At the end of the ninth month 266 day the fetus is full term. The fetus is around 50 center meter and weight around 2. 7kg to 3. 6 kilogram everything is well develop and the fetus head is toward the cervix. Pregnancy ends with the birthing process, during this period rapid changed occurs. Progesterone starts to decline and it suppress the uterine to contracts, this stimulated synthesis of prostanglandin the uterine contracts. The cervix begins to thin and opens ,stretching of the uterine and vaginal tissues occurs. The nerves impulses to the hypothalamus which signals the posterior glands to release the oxytocin hormones this stimulates powerful contraction. During labor the rhythmic contraction begins ,the fetus is positioned head downward and labor contraction forces the head towards the cervix. The cervix begins to dilate and increase in oxytocin is release. As labor continues the abdominal muscles contracts and forces the fetus through the cervix and the vagina to the outside. After the delivery of the neonatal the placenta separates the uterine walls and is expelled the birth canals. Bleeding occur after the expelling which is called the after birth. Pregnancy involves a lot of different change in the body for the mother and the baby. This occurs from unite of the male and female and a miracle of life begins. The changes happen in a very rapid speed each day different development occurs . The beginning of a new family occurs between the individuals mother, father, child. This is only the beginning of the life journey, for the child. 1002 words How to cite Human Life Cycle, Essays

Painters Picked Up Anti Racism Sentiments English Literature Essay free essay sample

What truly motivated these creative persons behind these pictures were truly the political conditions that th went on in their several states in the 19 century. These creative persons wanted to do a positive statement, as a testimonial or a high spot, for the racial and slave intervention of the Africans in their society and clip. Slavery has existed as far back in human history as anyone can retrieve, typically by Thursday th European powers over Africans and Indians in the 16 to 19 century. The bondage of African Thursday people reached a crescendo as a big portion of 19 century saw an unprecedented period of colonial enlargement and an progressively imperialistic foreign policy, particularly during the Scramble for Africa by the European powers in 1870s and 1880s. The chief fuel for such imperialistic political orientations and disposal was truly the building of these imagined national communities in Europe. Africans, so, were often brought to Europe to work in affluent blue hou seholds. Thursday By the 18 century, the black people had evolved to an icon for aberrant gender and supposedly with lewd sexual appetency. This can be represented by the Hottentot Venus episode in 1810. This perceptual experience of the black people evolved for the people ( Whites ) to believe that the black was antithetical to the Whites on the graduated table of humanity ; the Whites being superior and civilised. Such warped outlook proliferated from the faculty members to the civilians, and remains ingrained in so many people even till today. In the instance of Benoist, the portrayal was painted after the emancipation deree of 1749 in which slaves in the Gallic settlements were liberated, and bondage was abolished. However, Napoleon Bonaparte subsequently reinstated it in 1802. The portrayal, painted in 1800, was so, a jubilation for the African slaves and a testimonial to the 1749 emancipation. Benoist, who produced largely portrait and genre scenes, having moralized portraiture of adul t females, kids and household life the expected of adult females creative persons in a patriarchal art society of the clip, achieved prominence with this canonized black image. In her portrayal, the black retainer assumes a pose and state of affairs traditional of white adult females. On top of that, nakedness in Western art is frequently associated with female Grecian goddess ( like, Venus and Aphrodite ) , or with a personification ( like, Eugene DelacroixE?s Liberty Leading The People ) and Benoist had elevated this black lady beyond her humanly conditions to a Godhead position by portraying her semi-nude. Thursday In America during the late 19 century, there was a serious issue of the African Americans who had been freed from bondage but non integrated into the democratic society. In that twelvemonth, during the Fourth of July jubilations, several African Americans were harassed and killed. Before Winslow Homer could complete EÂ »Dressing for the CarnivalE? , this racial discr iminatory state of affairs had worsen when a Republican president had been elected in 1876 and no farther attempt was made to implement the Fifteenth amendment affranchising all people irrespective of their EÂ »race, coloring material or old status of servitudeE? . This picture puts the inexorable state of affairs under examination by foregrounding it among the American ( white ) society with great sensitiveness. Upon closer observation of the picture, weE?ll recognize that beneath the cheerful, vivacious colors lies intense sorrow and hopelessness. We will detect that the adult male who is dressing up like a harlequin ( a deaf-and-dumb person amusing character in traditional European dumb show ) , and the two ladies assisting are non the least joyful. The kids in the scene are besides queerly subdued despite the celebrations. We would besides detect the absence of the white people amidst the black household in the readying of this supposed jubilation of autonomy and democracy in t he land of the free. This, to me, symbolizes the deficiency of submergence into the society for this black household. The harlequin costume is really important in my sentiment in several ways. The experiencing isolation from the community continues in the harlequin costume because the adult male is dressing up like a buffoon for the parade ( symbolic of the white dominated society ) . The clownish, amusing character would represent that he is a misfit of society, and one whom no 1 regards earnestly. The harlequin is besides a hushed character. In the same manner, the unfairness done to African community in America has been quickly silenced with the policy implemented. Winslow HomerE?s picture, in bend, so gives this community a voice and topographic point to talk up. Opinion 3 Despite the perchance good purposes of these creative persons, there is ever an built-in job during the portraiture of the Other. With the white being the creative person, they assumed the function of the accountant , with the power to order the portraiture of the other. Sometimes, in their inaccurate portraiture of the Other and over-aestheticising, they may exteriorize them. Merely as in the instance of the Portrait of a Black Woman, the black lady is rendered exotically with her elaborately cloaked headgear and garments. The garb is non precisely brooding of the black ladyE?s current province as a slave-turned-servant in Fr ance. As she is wrapped up in an awkward white- man-dictated costume ( in a manner that is about brooding of African bondage state of affairs in Europe ) , the Sitter looks out of the frame with a sense of melancholy and hopelessness, as if to appeal out to the spectator for aid. The exposure of her right chest is a double-edged blade because, on one manus, it may hold divinized her to a Grecian goddess, yet on the other, it may besides hold pandered to male voyeurism even though it may hold been BenoistE?s purpose. In the procedure of lauding and aestheticising the black lady, she may hold besides eroticized and objectified her, taking the black lady of her individuality and her voice. In the position of doing a statement for the slave state of affairs in th 19 century France, the portrayal may non hold highlighted the societal state of affairs that she is in at all. On the other terminal of the spectrum, Winslow Homer, in his picture, may hold more accurately depicted the African Americans in their hard state of affairs. It could be because he might hold genuinely witnessed such a scene in Petersburg, Virginia at that clip, and may hold done small to change what was presented to him. In add-on to that, Winslow HomerE?s esthesia to societal issues, realist attitudes and a sincere bosom to make a limelight for this political issue, helped him set together this traveling portrayal filled with the resiliency and profusion of the African American people. Opinion 4 Nevertheless, we are reminded that these two pictures are word picture of the Other, in the instance where the white is the painter and the black people as the other. Both Marie Guillemine Benoist and Winslow Homer made their grade with their pictures of the Other for Benoist, the picture of the non-European as picturesquely EÂ »exoticE? type and for Homer, the Afro-american scenes. Their names has earn their topographic point with the emancipationist and militants and synonymous with black peoples rights In these pictures, even though the white adult male is non present in the pictures, they are still implicitly at that place. First, the white adult male is the painter who controls and manipulates the Other as topics he desired. The pictures are finally for the white manE?s screening pleasance ; hence his is besides the commanding regard that brings the Other universe into being. For Winslow Homer, his African American pictures spurred a rush in such genre pictures in the undermentioned decennaries as it appealed to the general society, even among the white people. Such images gave them the semblance that the American society was a stable societal construction, and that the African Americans had a voice, an avenue of address in this land of the free. As the white people look into the image frame, through their understanding, the black community so becomes objectified as an aesthetic and as a symbol, more than it would stand for an person with personality. As for Portrait of a Black Woman, the traditionally white adult female position and state of affairs she assumes becomes an fable of BenoistE?s ain status as a female in this patriarchal Gallic society that she existed in. Similarly, the white work forces is non portrayed in the picture, nevertheless, the white creative person is still implicitly present because the black adult female here serves as the theoretical account for her. She has made usage of the racialised Other to specify and authorise the colonising Self. This portrayal so becomes a record this white womanE?s building, and her self-affirmation through the racialised Other. Opinion 5 / Conclusion Both Portrait of a Black Woman and Dressing for the Carnival are considered quintessential pictures for their voice against bondage and racism. However, as pictures by white painters, despite their purest purposes, the black people, however, were reduced objects, and in some instances, became aestheticised and eroticized. Merely as the two pictu res encapsulated a dateless sense of melancholy and hopelessness in their portraiture of the black people, they have, in a manner, highlighted and prophesied this desperate racialist and slavish whirlwind that the black people are caught st in, even today in the 21 century.

“The Things They Carried the American Experience” Essay Example

â€Å"The Things They Carried: the American Experience† Essay In the story The Things They Carried, Tim OBrien talks a group of soldiers in the Vietnam War. He does this by describing the items that each of them carries with him during the march. The things that the soldiers carry with them are both physical and mental items and what these things are depends upon the soldier. They carry the basic necessities for survival and the bare minimum to make life as civilized as possible. But they also carry memories, and fears, and it is mental items like these that are the main focus of the story. The weight of these items is as real as that of any physical ones, and unlike those physical objects, they are not easily gotten rid of. Throughout the story, OBrien switches between narrative passages and simple descriptions of the items that the soldiers are carrying. This division makes you focus on the things the men are carrying, both tangible and intangible, without restraining the narration. In the descriptive segments of the story, OBrien is very exact in his descriptions and seems to be merely cataloging what is being carried: As a first lieutenant and platoon leader, Jimmy Cross carried a compass, maps, code books, binoculars, and a . 45(c)caliber pistol that weighed 2. 9 pounds full loaded. OBrien gives only straight forward descriptions in these segments and the writing is void of any feeling or sentiment. When describing the intangible things, however, the writing is a lot more in tune with the emotions of the characters: Jimmy Cross humped his love for Martha up the hills and through the swamps We will write a custom essay sample on â€Å"The Things They Carried: the American Experience† specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on â€Å"The Things They Carried: the American Experience† specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on â€Å"The Things They Carried: the American Experience† specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Lieutenant Cross remembered touching her left knee. A dark theater, he remembered, when he touched her knee, she turned and looked at him in a sad, sober way that made him pull his hand back, but he would always remember. OBriens writing takes on a softer style in these sections and adds a great deal of emotion for the reader. This contrast in narrative style is necessary to give emphasis to the intangible things that the men carried. One thing OBrien does frequently in describing the items is to tell how much it weighs. The weapon weighed 7. 5 pounds unloaded, 8. 2 pounds with its full 20 round magazine. The riflemen carried anywhere from 12 to 20 magazines adding on another 8. 4 pounds at minimum, 14 pounds at maximum. This tells the reader about the burden that the men are bearing in carrying these things. Focus is also given to the weight and pressure the soldiers feel from what theyre carrying and from external forces, such as nature. They carried the sky. The whole atmosphere they carried gravity. But the greatest weight the men feel comes from nothing they can physically carry, but rather their emotions: Grief, terror, love, longing these were mental burdens, but the mental problems had their own specific gravity, they had tangible weight. These emotional burdens are the heaviest because they are in your head and therefore cannot be disposed of. Physical burdens can be discarded. Emotional burdens, on the other hand, must be endured. OBrien, speaking of cowardice in particular, says, In many respects this was the heaviest burden of all, for it could never be put down. The soldiers know there is no easy way to rid themselves of their fears because of their abstract nature, but they dream escapist dreams of flying away in a plane and falling higher and higher, free of weight. Jimmy Cross tries to rid himself of intangible burdens by disposing of tangible ones that, to him, represent intangible qualities. He does this by burning his letters from Martha. He knows, though, that this simple act cannot rid him of his memories. He realized it was only a sign Besides, the letters were in his head. His love for Martha is also represented by the small pebble, which she gave him, but the easily disposable pebble, which weighs merely an ounce, represents a much heavier emotional burden that he cannot rid himself of. Cross attempts this to try to better himself as a soldier, but OBrien leaves it up in the air as to whether he accomplishes this. We can infer, however, from earlier statements that he will never be completely freed from the love he carries. The soldiers in The Things They Carried carried many things with them on their march. All of the things they carried were a great burden, but none more so than their emotions. All of them carry great loads of memories, fears, and desires. These intangible objects are an essential part of them and therefore cannot be put down, but carried and endured. And as Jimmy Cross comes to realize, It was very sad the things men carried inside. Work Cited Chen, Tina. Vol. 39, Unraveling the Deeper Meaning: Exile and the Embodied Poetics of Displacement in Tim OBriens The Things They Carried No. 1 (Spring, 1998), pp. 77-98 Published by: University of Wisconsin PressStable URL: http://www. jstor. org/stable/1208922 Naparsteck, Martin. â€Å"An Interview with Tim OBrien†, Tim OBrien Contemporary Literature Vol. 32, No. 1 (Spring, 1991), pp. 1-11 Published by: University of Wisconsin PressStable URL: http://www. jstor. org/stable/1208335 O’Brian, Tim. â€Å"The Thing they Carried. † The River Reader. Eds. Kathleen Shine Cain, et al. New York: Pearson, 2010 53-55 Print.

Socrates, Plato and Aristotle Essay Essay Example

Socrates, Plato and Aristotle Essay Essay Example Socrates, Plato and Aristotle Essay Essay Socrates, Plato and Aristotle Essay Essay Socrates was born in Athens about 470 BC and lived until 399 BC. he was a classical Grecian Athenian philosopher and is credited as one of the laminitiss of Western doctrine. An accurate image of the adult male. his life. and point of views are debatable because he did non compose any philosophical texts. everything we know is based on Hagiographas by his pupils and contemporaries†¦ this is what is known as the Socratic job. Socrates was subsequently tried and put to decease for â€Å"corrupting the young person and impiety† . Throughout his life Socrates neer wrote anything down because he believed cognition was a living synergistic thing and non to be written in a inactive authorship ( I bet the cyberspace would hold truly appealed to his love of synergistic treatments ) . so his typical method of philosophical enquiry consisted of oppugning people on their places and working them through inquiries until they reached a contradiction. therefore turn outing to them that their original averment was incorrect. Socrates most celebrated philosophical thoughts: The necessity of making what one thinks is right even in the face of cosmopolitan resistance. and the demand to prosecute knowledge even when opposed. which he did stop up paying the monetary value for these thoughts in the terminal. Socrates was unconcerned with physical or metaphysical inquiries ; the issue of primary importance for him was moralss and populating a good life. During his test and written in Plato’s â€Å"The Apology† he gave the thought that truth demands to be pursued by altering your place through oppugning and struggle with opposing thoughts. It is THIS thought of the truth being pursued. instead than discovered. that characterizes Socratic idea and much of our â€Å"Western† philosophical thought today. Plato: Plato was born in around 428 BC and lived until 348 BC. he was a classical Hellenic philosopher. mathematician. author of philosophical duologues. and laminitis of the Academy of Athens†¦ which was the first establishment of higher acquisition in the Western universe. Plato was a pupil to Socrates and was a instructor to Aristotle and was instrumental in puting the basis of Western doctrine and scientific discipline. He was a superb author and one the most influential writers in the history of Philosophy. The cardinal facet of Plato’s idea is the theory of â€Å"ideas† or â€Å"forms† . Plato believed the universe that appears to our senses is in some manner filled with mistake. or faulty. He believed there is a â€Å"perfect realm† . populated by entities otherwise known as â€Å"forms† or â€Å"ideas† that are ageless. changeless and in some sense related to the construction of our universe. Plato urges us to transform our values by taking to bosom the greater world of the signifiers and the faultiness of the life universe. He says we must acknowledge that the psyche is a different kind of object from the organic structure ; it does non depend on the being of the organic structure for its operation. This says that the psyche can so hold on the nature of the signifiers far more easy when it is non encumbered by its fond regard to anything in the physical universe. In Plato’s most influential duologue called â€Å"The Republic† he deals with his ideas about â€Å"forms† in a transition discoursing captives of the cave and his abstract presentation of the divided line. Worlds live in a universe of seeable and apprehensible things. The seeable universe surrounds us†¦ what we see. hear and see. this topographic point is a universe of alteration and uncertainness. The apprehensible universe is made up of unchanging merchandises of human ground such as mathematics ; this is the universe of world. This apprehensible universe contains ageless â€Å"forms† of things. For illustration the signifier or thought of a Canis familiaris is abstract and applies to all Canis familiariss ; this signifier neer alterations. If all the Canis familiariss in the universe were to disappear the signifier still would non alter. A Canis familiaris is a physical changing object and can alter or easy discontinue to be. but the â€Å"form† or â€Å"idea† neer alterations. Aristotle: Aristotle lived from 384 BC to 324 BC. was a Grecian philosopher and pupil of Plato and instructor to Alexander the Great. His composing covered non merely doctrine. but natural philosophies. metaphysics. poesy. theatre. music. linguistics. moralss. biological science and the list goes on. Together with Plato and Socrates. Aristotle is known to be one of the most of import initiation male parents of Western doctrine. His Hagiographas were the first to really make a comprehensive system of Western doctrine. Aristotle studied under Plato. but he basically disagreed with him on merely about everything it seems. He could non believe of the universe in such abstract footings as Plato did. he believed the universe could be understood through elaborate observation and cataloging of phenomenon. As a consequence of this belief. he wrote about everything from political relations to poetry. from anatomy to natural philosophies. Grecian doctrine up to this point chiefly dealt with the survey of cognition and inquiries of certainty ( i. e. suppose nil is existent? ) . Aristotle approached the inquiry by categorising based on their objects and the approx. certainty you could cognize those objects. For case. certain objects permit you to hold a cognition that is true all the clip. let’s usage geometry as an illustration. when we say a trigon is a polygon with three corners. it ever has that description and is true all the clip. this type of cognition is based on certainty and precise accounts. Other objects such as normal human feelings don’t license certainty. for illustration if you were to diss person you don’t cognize if they would be angry with you or non. This type of cognition is based on chance and imprecise accounts. As Aristotle put it. â€Å"One can non anticipate the same degree of certainty in political relations or moralss that one can demand in geometry or logic† .

Letter of Intent Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Letter of Intent - Essay Example The researcher states that admission into McGill's Counseling Psychology program will not only fulfill the career ambitions, it will also fulfill the purpose in life. The researcher would like to devote his energies to showcase the effects of parenting on a child's overall development. It is a subject that the researcher naturally holds close to his heart. McGill University has been his preferred university since he was 16 years old, living in Malaysia. At the time, the author was looking at education options while planning to run away to Canada as a naive teen. The McGill University with its prestigious accolades, facilities and student life, was an easy winner. Since then, the author has always wanted to study at McGill and now armed with a Psychology degree from New Zealand, the next step is clear. The researcher picked Counseling Psychology because he wants to be out on the field working with people. Besides being able to work with some of the most respected psychologists in this program, the author is drawn to the non-thesis aspect of it. The researcher is happiest when the assessment is continuous and hands-on performance is evaluated - he performs at his peak that way as he likes taking challenges head-on. In addition, the author is attracted to the certification as a counselor one receives at the end of the program, with the option of doing a Ph.D. later on. Currently, he is volunteering as a childcare facilitator at the Young Parents Program in NDG and as a research aide at the Talwar's Research Center at McGill. Along with that, the author is also working as a freelance writer to save up for his post-grad fund. Prior to this, the author was an international student mentor in his alma maters where he provided mentoring, guidance and English language aid to students from China and Japan. The researcher really loves working with people and he enjoys being a positive part of their life. The researcher confesses that his time as an international student me ntor was the happiest moments of his life. It was a start to the discovery of his career path to be a counselor. Although the author may not have stellar results like some of his peers, he has a lot to offer in terms of his personal interest, future plans in this field and the will to accomplish whatever it takes to make this ambition work. The researcher is prepared to work extremely hard to get to where and what he wants. He is even proud of his apparently meager accomplishments because at one point in time, graduating itself had seemed a tall order for him. To cut a long story short, the author had not been making the right choices in life but he has since bounced back. The researcher has learned through the counsel of one very remarkable lecturer that the choices in life are mine to make, and mine to live with, regardless of the circumstances or his upbringing. The researcher is taking that advice again as he is writing this letter. The researcher is making the choice to seek en trance in one of the toughest programs at McGill University because he knows he is worth it.

Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Ethics - Essay Example The â€Å"Operation Fast and Furious† was controversial because agents were prevented from making arrest but just to continue gather evidences to make a stronger case. The ancillary ethical dilemma of the case was the invoking of Executive Privilege by President Obama that made Attorney General Eric Holder to withhold the documents that were asked by request that eventually led him to be cited for contempt by Congress at a vote of 255 to 67. 2. Present a Resolution. State specifically WHAT you’re going to do and WHY you’re doing what you’re doing to resolve each of the ethical dilemmas. Be very specific and detailed.   In implementing the â€Å"Operation Fast and Furious† I would make a time table where I would expect results that would justify the operation. One year would be a reasonable allowance to expect result whether to continue the program or not. If within one year there are encouraging arrests of the cartels, then the operation could be continued because it is serving its purpose. But if one year has lapsed and it did not satisfy its justification, then the program should be scrapped. 3. Identify which ethical system(s) support your resolution Before delving in the ethical system that I would use to support my resolution, it is important to note that Eric Holder’s â€Å"Operation Fast and the Furious† is an offshoot of Project Gunrunner which deals with criminals and cartels. Such, the ethical system that would be used in the case should be grounded on reality and pragmatism that is applicable in fighting crimes. Having said that, there are two ethical systems that I would use; first is the hypothetical imperative and the other, utilitarianism. Hypothetical imperative presupposed the necessity of a certain action depending on the conditions that would make such action as an imperative (Pollock, 2012). For example, if we want to nourish ourselves, we have to eat. In the same manner that if we want crim inality (in this case, gunrunning and the cartel) to end, then we have to do something that would put them behind bars. There may be undesirable acts that are necessary (such as letting guns walk on the street) but if the outcome outweighs the risk (utilitarian) of not interdicting illegal firearm sale and it meets the objective of arresting cartels, then the means is justified (Pollock, 2012) and I would continue the operation. In this case, I do not question the ethical ground of â€Å"Operation Fast and the Furious†. I agree with the philosophical premise of the operation of really going after the heads of the cartels to put an end to gun running once and for all (hypothetical imperative). Letting gun runners go scot free for a moment to build a stronger case may be justifiable if that would lead to the arrest of the leaders of the cartels (utilitarian). But when there are loose firearms that could not be tracked and no leaders had been arrested, it is already an indicatio n that the program â€Å"Operation Fast and the Furious† has failed and therefore must be stopped. Moreso when the guns that were sold through the program were found in violent crimes culminating in the killing of a border police officer where he was shot by a gun acquired through â€Å"Operation Fast and Furious†. 4. Integrate any material/concepts learned in the course as your resolution.

Human resource management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 2

Human resource management - Essay Example a brief introduction provides an overall view on the business model that Banco has adopted. The discussion then goes on to focus on the Human Resource Management processes adopted and their relevance to the business context. The current role of a centralised HR operation is examined and suggestions are provided to alter it and increase its suitability to the need of the business. The major issues relate to the direct application of the HR organisation, policies and procedures as used in the banking sector without considering the distinct features of call centre management. In conclusion it is pointed out that the bank has used a ‘one size fits all’ approach when the need was to understand the very distinct demands of call centre operations. It is recommended that the bank review the organisation of HR services for the call centre to facilitate its value-addition to the business. Context and Problem Key characteristics The call centre sector has been growing at a fast rat e as an increasing number of companies seek to gain a competitive advantage of outsourcing task-based jobs. Call centres utilize sophisticated technology to provide better service to an increasingly demanding client base. The sector allows companies to provide 24-hour service to a global market. Call centre sector may be set up as a shared service to offer specialized routine services to a larger corporate or to the customer base. The sector is an outcome of organizations to provide superior service to compete effectively. Banco, a mid-sized retail bank has set up a call centre to counter competitive offerings by providing 24-hour service to and improve service levels at reduced cost. The bank has faced the challenge of coming up to speed on the technological demands of this business. Banco has chosen to manage the call centre centrally and opted to use resources that have no experience with that aspect of the business. Banco Call Centre is located in a high employment and economica lly developed area with a booming service economy. Strong HR practices are required to retain the employees because of presence of external job options. The call centre has employed 35% of its staff on a part-time basis. The focus on service is demonstrated in the structure and standards set by the call centre. The call centre has a local team to decide policy issues comprising section heads and a centre manager with no experience in call centre operations. HR policy and procedures are centrally determined by Banco and are considered inappropriate to call centre requirements. The environment in which Banco is competing involves the presence of an increasingly technology-savvy customer who is aware of the competitive offerings in the banking sector and will quickly switch to the offer of better quality, speed of service and accuracy. Service quality is the differentiator in the business and is determined by the availability of sophisticated technology and mature processes. Competitor banks have created a gap by

The Launch Of The Renault Logan Marketing Essay

The Launch Of The Renault Logan Marketing Essay Introduction The launch of the Renault Logan and the subsequent events is a happening which deserves recognition from strategists all around the world. The Logan was launched to appeal to the developing nations. Renault then launched a variation of the car for the Western European. This was immensely successful in both the regions and has been a key driver in the success of the company. The Logan, a low cost car manufactured by the French auto giant Renault SA, was intended to be its world car and was developed at the Romanian subsidiary, Dacia. Meant to be sold in the emerging markets of the world, it managed to achieve success even in developed nations like France, Spain Germany. This lead Renault SA to introduce a Logan variant especially for these markets. We discuss the factors that made Renault to get into the low cost car segment. It also examines the approach of Renault to give to the developing world a car with a pre-designated sale price, various cost reduction methods. It goes on to discuss the launch of the Logan in Western Europe where the company launched a variant based on the early success of the company. We broadly look at the following issues while discussing the launch strategy: To examine the strategic reasons behind a major auto companys decision to manufacture a low cost car for developing markets. To understand the reasons behind the success of the Logan, not only in developing nations but also in the developed nations markets. To examine the strategy employed by the company while entering new markets History of Renault 1898-1918 The Renault Corporation was founded in 1899 as Socià ©tà © Renault Frà ¨res by Louis Renault and his two brothers Marcel and Frerand in Boulogne. The founder was extremely fond of cars, the most important invention in the field of transportation in that century. He invented the first direct hold gearbox while he was working on a new design for his car. He succeeded to sell the gearbox to one of his fathers friends who was really impressed by the product. After patenting the product, he set up the company with his brothers and 2 friends. He was in charge of production and development and his brothers managed the administration stuff. Renault factories started mass production in 1905 and started following Taylorisms, a method of Scientific Management to increase economic efficiency in labour intensive industries, in 1913. The first cars were bought only by the very rich people because of the price which was around ten years worth of a normal workers salary. The company thus promptly decided to diversify by getting into the production of taxis and trucks. At the same time, the brothers understood the importance of advertising and began to field Renault cars in automobile races. The First World War presented a way for the company to become the first private manufacturer in France and it became well-known due to the participation in the war effort with production of various products ranging from munitions, military planes to tanks like the FT17. 1919-1945 After the war, the company diversified into the agricultural and industrial sectors. But the competition in the automobile sector became harder because of cheaper cars being available on the market. At this time, Renault met some financial problems in a period that was hard for the social and economic environment in France. During the 1920s, the company tried to overcome these difficulties. In 1920, the first Renault concessionaire appeared. A modernization process was launched in 1929 with the installation of the first assembly line in the Billancourt factory (in the West of Paris). Moreover, the demand for cars became very large especially for small automobiles designed for private individuals. Renault did limit its frontiers to the French market but enter foreign ones like the United Kingdom and its colonies. It was also a period which saw a lot of technical improvements in Renault cars. During the Second World War and the German occupation of France, Renault produced trucks for the Germans but stopped the civil small automobiles because of the War. Louis Renault was arrested for collaboration at the end of the war and the provisional French government decided to nationalize the company in January 1945 which became the Rà ©gie Nationale des Usines Renault (the National State Control of Renault Factories). 1945-1975 With the reconstruction time after the world conflict, the company modernized its installations, built and bought new production sites. The French economy at the time was really prosperous and amongst the fastest growing at the time. Renault tried its hand at internationalization and succeeded to a degree but failed to enter the lucrative US market. Cars during this period really became indispensable for private use and thus big successes arrived with popular cars for everybody: the 4CV, and then the Dauphine, the Renault 4, the Renault 5, etc. The first premium model was born with the Renault 16 and other Renault sports cars continued to meet a lot of success in cars races in which Renault invested a lot of money. 1975-1992 The growth stage for the company went on until the beginning of the 1980s. Many new models were launched and the premium products in particular- the Renault 25 and the Espace appeared and became big ticket selling items for the company. At the same time, the Renault brand grew strongly not in a small part due to the excellent performances in the Formula 1 world- the automobile racing championships. Nevertheless, Renault encountered big losses in the 70s and the economic crises during the 1970s accentuated the problems. A drastic policy for reducing all the costs and refocusing on the core competencies was started and started paying dividends as seen in 1987 when Renault made profits again. 1992-2005 The 1990s presented new opportunities for Renault. First, an alliance with Volvo was planned but it fell through. However, the real change came with the privatization of the company in the year 1996. 3 years later, in 1999, the company signed a merger deal with Japanese car maker Nissan a deal which through cross holding saw Renault getting 44.5% ownership of Nissan and Nissan getting 15% of Renault. Formula 1 during the period saw Renault become title challengers through Fernando Alonso. This again contributed to the brand equity for Renault. The Innovations and went on with models like the Megane and the Laguna which contributed the maximum to the sales of Renault during this time. In the 2000s, the Renault-Nissan alliance has become stronger and the companies have found synergies which can only help in the alliance. The group internationalization is a big objective now and this can be seen the buyouts of Samsung Motors and Dacia. They brought over 99% of the Romanian company and this subsidiary of Renault was the one that actually brought the Logan to the market. Renaults context The New Global Strategy Renaults necessity to capture the emerging markets stems from the fact that markets in the developed nations are not growing fast enough to cater to the growth requirement of an international car company. For this very reason, the global strategy of Renault was renewed, and it was decided that the optimal one would be to strengthen their position in their natural market, meaning the European one and to enter new market with a high potential of development, meaning emerging markets. In the year 2004, Renault-Nissan was the fourth largest manufacturer in the car industry. The objective defined in the new strategy formulated in 2004 was to become the third largest company by 2010 and to achieve an increase of 30% on the number of car sold (meaning an increase of 900 000 cars). This objective meant to sell 6.5 millions of cars in 2010 instead of 5.6 in 2004, hence capture 10% of the global market. The purpose of this plan was to take Renault into the car industrys global group. They also wanted to restore the operating margin which has been deteriorating since early 2005. An international strategy needed a global vision of the market, hence defining what was common to consumers all over the world. This was Renaults strategic context that led to the launching of the Logan. The Need to enter Emerging Nations Developing a car for developing markets has become a quest within the automobile in recent years. It all began with Fiat nearly doing it with the Palio; Launching a car in this segment- modern yet affordable- in lower-income regions is an essential tool available in the hands of automotive companies for expanding the car industry on the whole. In the absence of these models, the streets of the emerging markets are full of obsolete western designs which are still in local production, or used imported cars from developed markets that have been dumped there. The dumped cars are old and invariably never adhere to environmental standards, thus making the low-cost modern cars an even better value proposition for not only environment lovers but also for people who are sensitized to the issue. These cars match up to all the environment standards set around the world thus appealing to the people living in the developing or emerging nations. Old designs can still be seen in many countries and the factories setup over 30 years back are still making the car they were initially setup to build, albeit with some minor adjustments. An example of this is the Maruti 800 in India which has been in production from 1982. Another example of the same is the 40 year-old car, the Zhiguli, a car by Russian giant AvtoVAZ. The examples given above are not really about car makers from developed nations dumping old generation products in emerging markets. This can be seen from the example of the Nissan which still makes the Tsuru, a budget-priced version of the 1980s Sentra, in Mexico. Another of Brazils top sellers, the Fiat Uno, has also been in production since at the local factory back in 1976. All these models share the same basic economic model the production line is bought and paid for; the RD costs of the models were amortised long ago. Theyre made in simple plants with low-cost labour and using local suppliers, to tolerances that would not be acceptable in the developed world. Theyre easy to maintain and spares are readily available. In a nutshell, theyre cheap. And mostly rather nasty. The trick is to replace them with something thats equally cheap but cheap and cheerful instead of cheap and nasty. Cheerful in that its safe and clean. But thats fiendishly difficult to achieve. Fiats Project 178 of 1996 was the first concerted attempt to create such a car. Fiat has substantial interests in a number of emerging markets, principally Latin America and Central Europe, but also in North Africa, South Africa, Turkey and India. Project 178 spawned a number of vehicles off a new platform Palio hatch, Siena sedan, Palio Weekend wagon and Strada pick-up. And Fiat talked the project up, predicting sales globally of close to a million units a year. In reality, it hasnt come close. So far about 3.5m units have been built including more than 2m in Brazil. But over the 10-year lifespan of the project, thats only 350,000 a year. Part of the problem was a failure to set up a meaningful alliance in China Fiat has a low-key operation with Nanjing Automobile, established in 1999, and only sells about 30,000 cars a year there. But more importantly, the Project 178 cars werent cheap enough to take over from the entry-level clunkers they were intended to replace. In Brazil, the Uno Mille soldiers on as Fiats cheapest model, with Palio positioned as something of an upmarket alternative. Brazil is an oddity among emerging markets too in that its consumers like hatchbacks. In most emerging markets, the traditional booted sedan is the carriage of choice, largely because small cars tend to carry more people on an average journey than in the west, so a separate, larger luggage compartment is preferable. The sedan version of the Palio, the Siena, is too large to be an entry model in Central Europe or India, and in these markets it is sold as a mid-range model. In India, as in Brazil, the Uno props up the range. Fiat seems to accept this its Siena/Palio replacement, codenamed D200, is due to be unveiled next month. And itll be larger than the Siena, closer in size to a Toyota Corolla, according to reports. Renault has come much closer to the holy grail with the Logan. Like Fiat, Renault has a reasonably large emerging markets footprint, which became much more appealing once it had acquired its former Communist-era partner, Romanias Dacia, which had survived the post-Ceausescu turmoil by cranking out ancient Renault 12s in a crumbling plant. Logan was created along a brief to build a car that would sell for less than EUR5,000. It involved raiding the parts bin mainly Clio, though the suspension is from the Modus and producing a simple four-door sedan to be built in Romania and other emerging markets. While the EUR5,000 target turned out to be theoretically possible, such a vehicle has never existed as the specification would have been too basic even for Romanian tastes. Logan prices start around EUR7,000, and the project has undoubtedly been a success, with more than 250,000 sold in the first 18 months of production. As well as Romania, Logan is also manufactured in Russia, where 25,000 vehicles were produced from April 2005 to May 2006, as well as Morocco and Colombia. Production will soon start at a major plant in Iran, where 250,000 units a year are targeted, followed by India in partnership with Mahindra Mahindra and Brazil in 2007. A wagon version was premiered at the Paris Show in September, and panel van and pick-up derivatives will also be built. Logan has outperformed Palio because its a bit smaller, a bit cheaper and the production is better spread. There are potentially genuine economies of scale thanks to annual volumes at full production of around 800,000 units a year. It would be an even greater success if Renault could get it into China but talks about building it in partnership with Dongfeng-Nissan stalled last year and have remained unresolved. The idea of the Logan The initial idea of the Logan came from the former CEO Louis Schwetzer, who imagined, during a trip to Moscow in 1997, an economic saloon car (Berline) for the Russian market. The Logan was one car from car manufacturers which was not a sub product of a car already in existence in the developing world. Thus the car could be designed from scratch and thus could add to its probability of success in these markets. This gave developers more flexibility right from the design phase to the actual manufacturing phase. This flexibility and ability to create the product just for the emerging nations gave Renault a big competitive advantage over competitors. They could thus follow a low cost strategy right from the very start. The  low cost strategy There are two parts in Renaults low cost strategy to ensure that the product launch is successful; firstly it lays emphasis on a specific organizational and production strategy to match the low prices thus incorporating extreme efficiency in the organization and secondly on achieving the right product positioning which is supposed to fulfil consumers needs in both developed as well as emerging countries. 1. Low cost Strategy To answer the needs of a mass market, the price of the car needs to be such that the car is accessible to everyone. The production costs will then have to be lower than for a normal car under the criterion set by Renault. But at no stage should our product not fulfil the consumers expectations, in particular concerning the safety of the car. Certain factors in cars are hygiene factors and they are a necessity no matter what the cost. This also has to be taken into account while making the final decision. As the Logan was not a product derived from some other product, the whole production process was to be adapted to the main idea underlying the concept of the car; it had to be extremely lean and efficient. We had to control the costs and thus make production less expensive and yet meet high level of expectations regarding the reliability, strength and performance of the product. Reducing the costs was a strategic phase of the project, and with this low cost approach, Renault could put on the market a car that was sold with a sub 5000 Euro price tag in emerging countries. The company also standardized its processes in all the plants across the world in order to ensure lowest possible costs. The company has taken the best practices from various companies around the world. They have incorporated concepts like Six Sigma, Total Quality Management, Just in Time, etc based on the success at other firms around the world. The company is known for its logistics and follows the following principles for the same. This has been especially in practice ever since the launch of the Logan as the volumes for the company have really picked up as a result. 15,000 trucks and 26 trains are used to ship parts and cars are transported daily in around 400 wagons, 10 ships and 1,200 trucks. The transport budget totals around à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 470 million for supply and another à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 725 million for vehicle distribution. 7 large function families    Logistics at Renault is divided into 7 main families covering all logistics activity, from design to project to series life apart from spare parts and accessories. They include Production Supply and Management Logistics Quality Shipment and Transport Industrial Planning and Programming Supply Chain Architecture Physical Flow Engineering Process Engineering The low cost method Renault could apply a low cost model for the production of a new car, as it had all the core competencies for it. He used the method  design to cost for the Logan, already used with the Twingo in 1992. With this method all the processes are defined regarding the feasibility of a technique and the savings it would lead to. It is a centralized method, one manager was appointed to check all the process, instead of having each business unit participating to the project. This manager had a broad decision power, and it saved time and resources. The material was chosen as per the availability of the material all over the world, as the productions sites were supposed to cater to the nearest possible consumers markets. The contractors were also chosen depending on the location of the production site. The number of components was reduced from 4000 on an average for a car to about 1400 for the Logan. Another important cost reduction was the reduction of the promotional budget (mainly in developed countries). 150 Euros is spent for one Logan, whereas the average cost of promotion is 400 Euros for one car. All these competencies are not easily imitable by Renaults competitors. 2. The Original Positioning Traditionally, consumers need for a car were analyse as opposite between developed and emerging countries. For the emerging markets, the development of a middle class is the appearance of a new market for the car industry as more and more people can afford one. Until the Logan, the consumers from this new middle class could only afford a second hand car. With the Logan, Renault is offering a new car at the same price than a second hand one, with the possibility to personalize your car with a broad choice of options. The second advantage of the Logan is the guarantee of safety as it is constructed by a well-known car constructor. Another argument for the emerging markets is the fact that it is a foreign brand. Indeed, for emerging markets consumers, it can be better for your social status to have a foreign brand car. In developing countries, the launching of the Logan was a success even if it was not meant to be launched at first in developing countries. For example in Germany, the consumers were attracted to the idea of having a popular car. In those markets, the price argument was extremely important but all the attraction of the Logan came from the fact that it could be personalized has any other car. With the Logan, Renault was able to sell a low cost car to consumers by make them forget it was a low cost car. Even if the price is the common factor in both markets, the motivations surrounding the price are different. The possibility to buy a new car is mainly linked to the social status for emerging countries consumers whereas what attracts developed countries consumers is the rationality of buying a safe new car at a low cost. Marketing strategy The originality of Renaults positioning is to have made one product and to adapt the marketing strategy to the specificity of each market. The price is the first difference between markets. A Logan is sold in France 1500 Euros more than in Romania. This difference can be explained on a strategic point of view; because Renault didnt want that the Logan became the only car sold in France by Renault. If the price had been too low, the Logan would have competed with others Renaults products. (In French it is called the cannibalism effectà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ not sure if the translation exists; it is a concept in marketing) Apart from that specificity of the French market, the price is changing depending on the countries mainly because it is possible for a client to invest in options and then pay more. Sales Owing to its marketing strategy adapted to each local market, Renault intends to satisfy a maximum of different expectations and obtain an optimisation of its sales. The low cost positioning of the Logan is original because it links a low price product to a diverse offer in order to meet different consumers expectations. Emerging countries markets and their specificities In that context, an offer adapted to the revenue of the emergents countries consumers was suppose to be Renaults way to enter those markets with high growth potential. The specificities of emerging countries car market are that it is today underdeveloped, meaning that its potential growth is very high. The importance of having a product adapted to these markets for Renault was also the only way to be able to compete with the future competition coming from India and China. Launching the Logan The first production centre for the Logan was based in Romania. The car was initially sold in 16 countries Romania, Croatia, Slovakia, Hungary, Czech Rep, Serbia, Montenegro, Macedonia,  Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Baltes countries, Moldavia, Poland). Launched the 9th of June 2005 in France, it was also sold in Germany and Spain. The decision to launch the Logan in Western Europe was a forced decision as a parallel market appeared. It was the only way for Renault to avoid competition with its others cars in Western Europe. Renault in Western Europe Renault originally did not have plans to launch Logan in Western Europe. However, the company started importing a more expensive version of the car in 2006 which was priced at à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 7000. The car was a success in Western Europe contrary to the beliefs of the company. This showed the predilection of the buyers for a low cost no frills car. The car is sold under the name of Dacia Logan in the western European region. The car manufactured mainly for the developing nations in Eastern Europe was not intended to be launched in the developed markets of Western Europe. Dacia was assigned the task of developing a car which is low cost and suits the need of developing market and the success in Western Europe did come as a surprise for Renault. By 2007, over 15% of the total sales of Logan was coming from France and Germany. For people in Western Europe the looks are not that good. The Logan MCV shares the same dowdy lines as its siblings. You also dont get many features. To keep costs down, Dacia minimized the frill factor to such a low that they were almost non-existent. Nevertheless, the Logan MCV handled city streets with ease. The steering is direct. The suspension is firm but still comfortable. To deal with the often-unpaved roads of its target markets, the Logans suspension is slightly higher than other comparably sized vehicles. Like many European cars, the Logan comes with small and efficient engine options. Despite the small engine the car performed well under traffic. The major reason for the success should be attributed to the price. Compared to the others cars in the segment the price that Logan was charging were unbelievably cheap. Others cars in the segment were priced at around à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 13000. The appetite for low cost cars in Western Europe is a tantalizing development and it could serve as a major point to sell more cars in the markets which are believed by most to be saturated. The low cost cars have a potential to be bought by families who want more than one car. This could also fulfill the requirement of students and the working class early into their career. The scope is wide and prospects wider. Failure of Logan in India Renault launched its low cost car Logan in India in April, 2007. The car had been hugely successful worldwide. The low cost car was conceived primarily for developing markets, but due to its huge success in Eastern Europe, Renault chose to launch it in Western Europe as well, where it turned out to be successful. Renault entered India via a joint venture with Indian automaker Mahindra Mahindra, which provide market insights and distribution reach, while the engines were to be sourced from France. During the launch, the company had projected sales of 30,000 units a year, or 2500 units per month. The actual sales in October 2009 were around 500 cars per month. The joint venture was supposed to deliver synergy and allow Renault the platform to grow its brand in India. Each partner was expected to deliver a resource which the JV could exploit. While Mahindra provided marketing and distribution, Renault brought to the table technology. However, the JV failed to deliver for the following reasons: The price point for Logan was a major problem. The petrol range starts at Rs 4.43 lakh going up to Rs 5.32 lakh and the diesel variant is priced at Rs 6.68 lakh. The competitors of Logan in the low cost segment, like Maruti Swift Dzire and Tata Indigo CS, had much more aggressive price tags, and cars like like Ford Ikon and Hyundai Accent that were available in a price bracket close to the Renault model put pressure on demand for Logan. The reason for Logan having to price higher than its other low cost competitors was the fact that 50% of Logans parts and the engine itself were sourced from France, which is higher than any other manufacturer. As a result costs went up The issue here that prevented synergy was the lack of trust between Renault and Mahindra. Renault refused to part with its technology in an attempt to retain power in the JV and it to keep open its option of having an independent future in India. Another problem that the JV faced was the rising Euro. Due to the fluctuations in currencies, the costs of the company kept going up, and it could not move to a more aggressive price point. Moreover, being just over 4 meters long, Logan was in an excise bracket higher than other low cost cars. To top it all, Renault felt that the current volumes were not large enough to justify localized supply. This showed lack of commitment towards the JV. After the JV with MM, Renault initiated talks with Bajaj for its small car and also started contacting other auto manufacturers. This strategy of having multiple partners in the same category, especially when these partners maybe competitors, is not a smart one. Due to this apparent lack of commitment from Renault, the Logan was relegated to the backstage in Mahindra outlets with no dealer push coming forth for the car. The company MM and its dealers preferred to push the Scorpio more, for obvious reasons. Therefore, the Logan entered the market with limited dealer push in spite of having one of the strongest distribution networks in India. There was very little by way of branding done for the Logan. After the initial launch campaign, there was precious little brand building. The JV tried to drive growth by discount ads, provided primarily by local dealers. As a result Logan never became a strong brand in India. This lack of customer pull, coupled with the lack of retailer push mentioned above ensured that the brand Logan never really took off in India. Moreover, news about the rocky relationship between the partners kept consumers away from the car due to uncertainty about service in the future. Lessons from the failure We can derive many lessons from the unexpected failure of the Logan in the Indian market. It teaches us how to derive value from a resource like a JV. Both partners must be committed to the joint venture for it to succeed. Renault was in talks with other manufacturers, as a result Mahindra did not take the JV seriously. This led to low retailer push, bad press and low investment in marketing activities. In its attempt to grow too quickly Renault actually jeopardized its existing brand. The partners have to share a degree of trust. The JV sourced about 50% of the parts and the engine from France. This would not have been the case if Renault could have trusted MM with its technology. Even though that would have given greater power to MM, it would have ensured a successful take-off for the Logan. Renault could have built its power in the JV by gradually developing its own distribution network over a period of a few years. However, in its rush to grow quickly it jeopardized a very good product. Renault could also have signaled its commitment and trust by building manufacturing facilities in India, but refrained from doing so.

Computers: Productive Tools In Our Lives :: essays research papers

Computers: Productive Tools In Our Lives Have you ever seen a computer in a store and said, "Whoa! What a chick!"? I am sure you would have, if you were familiar with the new 16xCD-ROM and extra wide SCSI-2 9.0 GB hard drive it features, or if you knew about the dual 225 MHz Pentium pro MMX chips blazing up its performance. To tell you all about computers, it takes a total computer nut like me. After working with computers almost all my life, I can tell you that a computer is an electrical device, without which a guy like me probably cannot survive. If you have no idea of what I am beeping about, read on. Experts, I report no error in reading further. Computers are very productive tools in our everyday lives. To maximize the utility of a computer, what you need to do is get going with the program. To do that, the minimum system requirements are a C.P.U. or the central processing unit, a keyboard, a monitor, a mouse, and if you want, a printer and a CD - ROM drive. The C.P.U. is that part of a computer that faithfully does what his master tells him to do, with the help of input devices like a keyboard or a mouse. After all this so called sophisticated, next generation equipment, you need some sort of software. Software is a set of instructions to the C.P.U. from a source such as a floppy disk, a hard drive or a CD - ROM drive, in zillions of 1's and 0's. Each of these tiny little instructions makes up a bit. Then they assemble to form a byte. Bytes make up a program, which you run to use the computer's various applications. Now that you know more about computers than Einstein did, let me tell you something more about them, so that you will beat the President in the field of computing. In your computer, you require a good amount of RAM, which is there to randomly accesses memory. That is required to speed up your computer, so that it gives you more error messages in less time. The faster the error messages it gives, the faster you call technical help at 1-800-NeedHelp. The service is open 24 hours a day, but to get through, you will have to wait, at least, until the next Halley's comet passes by. The only thing now required, for you to become the master of this part of the world, is to have a very BOLD determination to become a computer geek.

Bani Yas Island

United Arab Emirates has a fruitful history since it’s founding as one nation. This nation was originally composed of tribal groups along the territory within the Gulf of Persian the Oman Gulf. This country was converted into Islam in the year 600 A. D. Long before that, there were archaeological evidences that Christianity thrived in this Muslim nation, as shown by many relics proving that claim. One particular island named Bani Yas possesses some of these artifacts that were discovered by many scientists exploring for ancient traces.Moreover, they found out the natural beauty of the island and explored its abundant possibilities to become one of the beautiful tourist spots in the world. After that discovery, many investors were invited to see the potential of the Bani Yas Island. They market the place in its bounty with regards to wildlife and natural resources. According to these people, Bani Yas Island has one of the greatest potential in ecological tourism. The Bani Yas I sland can be located approximately 270 miles west of Abu Dhabi. It was highly regarded as one of the most prominent and greatly honored tribes in the southern part of Arabia.Its place in history began when a person named Yas Bin allowed other tribes to join their clan in order to establish more security and power. Those tribes joined Yas Bin’s tribe to secure their corresponding clans since Yas Bin’s tribe was so powerful then in term s of its military force. Because of that, Bani Yas became the largest tribe in the emirates nation. They made up of approximately 20 clans. They settled on Abu Dhabi on the year 1793. Form this tribe came the present leaders of Abu Dhabi. These people usually spent their summer with other members of the tribe by hunting pearls using boats.When winter comes, they spent their time in the desert with their camels. In addition to this, this tribe was the first to acquire valuable lands that eventually became one of the causes of many disputes of other states. In the year 1833, a prominent faction of the Bani Yas tribe went to Dubai and eventually became the ruler of that place. This leadership lineage continued up to the present day. With respect with the other subsections of the Bani Yas tribe, some clan thrived by fishing and hunting of pearls while others ventured on planting crops. Some tribes focused on the camel business or rearing goats and sheep for living.Other subsections focused on trading goods with other foreign tribes. After a certain period, many archaeologists made an exploration on the supposed location of the former tribe Bani Yas. This exploration was executed in the year 1992 where those who led the site investigation found several discoveries. They found relics of the tools used by the people of the Bani Yas tribe and other important things related to their way of living during their existence. In the year 1993, another excavation was initiated and found more relevant information about the Bani Yas people.They made more than thirty site divisions during the whole exploration process. In some of the sites they explored, they discovered that long before Islam captured the tribe’s religious association, there are traces of a Christian church built in that area. They found relics of a monastery, a clear indication that a church was established before Bani Yas embraced the Islam religion. Furthermore, they also acquired evidences of other cultures in other key sites that might have affected the norms of the people who are living in that era. The rich history of the Bani Yas can also be associated with its natural resources.In terms of its reserves, the place can be said to have plenty of such gifts from nature. The island is proliferated by mountains, which resembles the shape of a cone. Slightly inclined plains along with numerous mangroves on the sides then surround these mountains. With these, a small wharf can be found along the shoreline of the island. The leaders that have this jurisdiction over this territory developed these beautiful sights further. The island also possesses a lot of wildlife diversity within its region. Various species of animals and birds can be found thriving in the island of Bani Yas.Animals like gazelle and Oryx can be found roaming freely in that area. Before, these animals were supposed to be endangered but because of the efforts of the people responsible in the development of the area, these species has grown in number. Other species originated form other countries can also be found living in the Bani Yas island. Moreover, the island eventually became one of the homes of various migratory birds coming form other places on the planet. Birds like flamingos take their shelter in the mangroves that can be found in the island.Others thrive in lagoons and other places that these birds nests. An artificial lake was constructed also and became the primary attraction for numerous types of ducks in the area. Other species of bird s also thrives in the region, making a clear indication of its natural beauty and habitat for wildlife. Pastures are being dominated by many species of deer and other fowls like peacock and others. Attractive insects can also be found in the region enjoying the trees planted in the island of Bani Yas. Such attractive insects are responsible for more beauty in the nature and the balance in the ecosystem.As a result, more beautiful flowers blooms around the island, and fruits are also abundant in the region. From being a desert, the leader occupying the island made wondrous make over on the island, making it more attractive to both animals and even humans who visited the place. He made plantations and fruit bearing trees thriving in the island because of his consistent efforts to develop the area. With regards to the potential of the island as a tourist spot, more consistency the maintenance of the island is needed, knowing that the island was a desert before.Ecotourism is not usual f or regions particularly in the Middle East region but with this island, it would be possible to have a good resort within the region. As far as the implications are concerned, authorities should be alarmed that since the Bani Yas was a desolate place before, they should put more efforts in maintaining the ecosystem they established in the region. As far as the potentials of the island is concerned, there are a lot of prospective in the island of Bani Yas. One of its great features is that it offers tourists with the opportunities to experience safari adventures, and snorkeling.The visitors of this island can experience full recreation with nature and its benefit of full relaxation. Since its development is a clear breakthrough in the field of establishing ecosystems out of a desolated island, this place will surely catch a lot of interests for many people and scholars as well. Another key feature of the island is its richness in cultural heritage with those who once lived there in t he island of Bani Yas. As discussed on the previous statements above, people who lived in this island possessed interesting details on their way of living and their circumstances in life.Relics found on this island would surely catch more attentions on people who are inclined with digging ancient things from the people of the past. The discovery of traces resembling Christian institution in a Muslim-dominated region is another mystery that will attract more scholars and ordinary people in finding facts about the history of the Bani Yas tribe. With regards to its ambience, Bani Yas Island can offer a new outlook for those who lived in the desert for a long time. They will experience living with nature, which is not available on people thriving in the Arabian region.This will definitely give an embrace of new culture in nature’s aspect for people who would like to try living in a serene island with a sustained ecosystem in its surroundings. The developers of this island constru cted different establishments, which will provide more relaxation and recreation on the part of the prospective visitors. One particular structure that was built in the island to cater its visitors is the resort spa. The structure is intended for those who would like to avail of spa services and hotel accommodations.The building consists of more than 60 rooms for tourists who would like to stay in the island. This would offer visitors to avail of this good service while in the island, making it more exciting for many tourists that will be visiting the site. For those who want to conduct camps, group dynamics and other activities, the island can arranged these features in a better setting which is inside nature landscapes and other beautiful sites in the region. For those who love experiencing wildlife adventures, Bani Yas offers this authentic approach in dealing with these demands.Tourists can experience this interaction with animals similar to other safari sites. The developers of the island made a sanctuary for plants and animals to maintain the balance in the ecosystem. Such endangered species already found their homes in the island, a clear indication of the island’s readiness to be a wildlife sanctuary for diversified animal species. The people responsible for the development of this island also built specialized centers that focus on taking care of the plants and animals within the region.This center also conducts researches on how to improve further the current setting of nature in the island. Sustained development is also vital in the work being conducted in the center because this will ensure the good setting of the structures that were built in the island. For birds, they continually place mangroves and other habitats that can attract many species of birds to live in the island. Because of these efforts, many migratory birds have found home on this strategic place. They also established waterways, which are critical in maintaining the presenc e of various animal and bird species in the island.Another big project being established in the Bani Yas Island is the continuous research and development on building structures that will utilize renewable energies as the primary source of energy in the island. This exploration will surely provide more sustainability in the island since the power source will not depend on coals and petrochemicals. It is a given fact that utilizing these as fuels will degrade the air quality of a particular place, making it hazardous to anyone that will be exposed into it.The island developers realize the relevance of maintaining a good ecosystem by utilizing renewable fuels like solar and wind energies. Putting up solar panels in strategic locations and windmills in the island are the priorities of the developers of the island with regards to the power plant constructions are concerned. Once these renewable energy factories are established in the region, there will be a lot more people who will be i nterested in visiting the place. This would also take its place in the history as one of the beautiful places in the world utilizing green energies.The world’s recognition will also be given to the island for its effort in utilizing clean energy sources and being one of the few tourist destinations that implemented such policies in the field of energy utilization. Furthermore, there are far more expansion that should be emphasized as far as the Bani Yas Island is concerned. One particular highlight in the island is its continuing expansion in its beach resorts. This would open more spaces available for people who would want to enjoy the scenery of the beachfronts.Another development that must be underlined is its continuous expansion on the wildlife parks that will provide more rooms for other animals to roam around the area. Such expansion would encourage proliferation of more animals as well as on other species. Another highlight on the island is the establishment of its ow n safari park where various animals can interact with people who wish them to see these creatures in motion. A farm was also established and will continue to expand this structure for a more sustainable energy source for the island.In addition to that, the development of more hotel buildings which can be classified as one of the best in the Asian region are being prioritized to accommodate the needs of the tourists and even other Arab people. These would also attract prominent individuals to visit the island because of the best hotels that are being established in the Bani Yas island. Commercial establishments are also being developed and expanded like shopping malls, fine dining restaurants, campsites, and other amenities that they can offer to the people.Putting up of residential homes is also being developed in the region to provide for those who would like to stay near the beautiful expanse of the island. Such townhouses, condominiums will surely add more attraction to other pro minent people who would choose to stay in the region. For those who are fond with the excavation and explorations of ancient articles, the island also continue to increase its archaeological sites to serve the needs of those who are venturing with the study of the island’s heritage.Current development in the Bani Yas Island includes the start of wind turbine system that provides power in the area. Even though this may not be enough to shoulder the whole energy needs of the island, the developers are looking for more of these implementation to fulfill their target of having a one hundred percent dependence on the renewable energy factories. Another recent development is that the island will be open to daily visitors for them to witness the beauty of this island by the year 2009(Gulfnews, 2008). Up to now, the island is open only for hotel guests and not for just spectators or island visits only.The development of the island of Bani Yas will also generate more than 60,000 emplo yment opportunities once the operation started in full. The corresponding groups are also prioritizing coastal development in the island by carefully examining the topography of the area. This group of people provided a scale model which simulates the actual scenario of what would it be once the developed coastal shorelines are placed. They made physical modeling and wave simulation in studying the appropriate construction of the coastal lines around the island.The groups are placing a mixture of soil and textile material in putting up developments in the shorelines. According to the concerned group, this mixture of materials is better than using pure concrete in the coastal line construction in terms of its flexibility in the waves being thrown by the bodies of water surrounding the Bani Yas island. With regards to the evaluation of the benefits of the island as a future destination of many nature lovers and prominent people, it can be said that Bani Yas has the full potential in t erms of its nature expanse and established structures.Benefits can be enumerated in several ways. One of the benefits that can be provided by this island is the fact that they made a legacy for the next Arab generation. With the sustained development of the region, Bani Yas will continue to inspire other people to venture on creating their own plantation and wildlife park in the middle of a desert. Before, it was impossible to put up diversified species of plants and animals to thrive in a desert island because of its limitation in terms of water availability and soil composition.Bani Yas project made the impossible to be possible and created a lot of avenues in research about taking care of nature and its resources. Another great benefit of this project is on the tourism industry of the country. With the beauty being shown in the islands, there will be high demand for local and foreign visitors to go to Bani Yas Island. The investments done by the leader of the region will surely b ring good returns in the future considering the high potential in tourism and real state.In addition to that, the advantage of having revenues in tourism industry will open more jobs for local residents and other nationalities as well. In the near future, more profits will be enjoyed through sustained development of the island. More than pecuniary matters, the island will contribute a lot to the advocacies of many nations today to use clean energies in supplying power in their respective states. Bani Yas can serve as a role model for other communities in implementing such actions to initiate the usage of renewable sources of energy like solar and wind energy.

Free Essays on Freedom In Exile

For as long as space endures, And for as long as living beings remain, Until then may I, too, abide To dispel the misery of the world. -Tibetan prayer Tibet was a predominantly Buddhist county located to the west of China and north-east of India. I say was only because Tibet is now considered an autonomous region of the Peoples Republic of China. Going back to a time before China’s occupation of the Tibetan plateau the Tibetans had an organized central government located in Lhasa. Accordingly Tibetan traditions stipulate that the Dalai Lama is head of Tibetan government. In addition to being the leader of government the Dalai Lama is also a Buddhist monk and spiritual leader of the Tibetan people. The book begins with a brief statement from the Dalai Lama about what the title Dalai Lama means to him and why he wrote the book. From there the Dalai Lama goes right into the First Chapter talking about his being selected as the Fourteenth Dalai Lama at the age of two. He includes a brief history of his family and outlines the selection process used to find him amongst the people of Tibet. He talks of the signs that the selection committee saw leading the way to him and the objects that he was shown to verify his being the Fourteenth Reincarnation of His Holiness the Dalai Lama of Tibet. With in the first chapter many side notes are inserted to give an idea of what being the Dalai Lama means. He describes his education and mixes in stories relating ideas of Buddhist thought. He tells of the procession of over a hundred people that followed him when ever he left the Potala, the 1,000 roomed winter place of the Dalai Lama and seat of Tibetan government. By the second chapter the book starts into more detail regarding the official duties of the Dalai Lama and Tibetan traditions. Included are recounts of official ceremonies and festivals over which the Dalai Lama presides. He also tells of the relationships betw... Free Essays on Freedom In Exile Free Essays on Freedom In Exile For as long as space endures, And for as long as living beings remain, Until then may I, too, abide To dispel the misery of the world. -Tibetan prayer Tibet was a predominantly Buddhist county located to the west of China and north-east of India. I say was only because Tibet is now considered an autonomous region of the Peoples Republic of China. Going back to a time before China’s occupation of the Tibetan plateau the Tibetans had an organized central government located in Lhasa. Accordingly Tibetan traditions stipulate that the Dalai Lama is head of Tibetan government. In addition to being the leader of government the Dalai Lama is also a Buddhist monk and spiritual leader of the Tibetan people. The book begins with a brief statement from the Dalai Lama about what the title Dalai Lama means to him and why he wrote the book. From there the Dalai Lama goes right into the First Chapter talking about his being selected as the Fourteenth Dalai Lama at the age of two. He includes a brief history of his family and outlines the selection process used to find him amongst the people of Tibet. He talks of the signs that the selection committee saw leading the way to him and the objects that he was shown to verify his being the Fourteenth Reincarnation of His Holiness the Dalai Lama of Tibet. With in the first chapter many side notes are inserted to give an idea of what being the Dalai Lama means. He describes his education and mixes in stories relating ideas of Buddhist thought. He tells of the procession of over a hundred people that followed him when ever he left the Potala, the 1,000 roomed winter place of the Dalai Lama and seat of Tibetan government. By the second chapter the book starts into more detail regarding the official duties of the Dalai Lama and Tibetan traditions. Included are recounts of official ceremonies and festivals over which the Dalai Lama presides. He also tells of the relationships betw...